Mural in the Lobby of the Lorenzo de Zavala State Archives and Library Building, 1964. Artists: Peter Hurd and Peter Rogers. Austin, Texas.
Who & what is depicted in the mural? Check out Mural - Texas State Library.

History of the Lone Star State - TEXAS

Updated July 19, 2007 

PRIMARY HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS & IMAGES
The Avalon Project : Texas From Independence to Annexation 1836-1846  
Published Primary Sources in ACC LRCs for Texas His. 
   Lone Star History Links: Selected Textas History Primary Source Documents 
  PRIMARY DOCUMENTS: Texas 
Texas Treasures Online Exhibit of Historical Documents and Artifacts - Texas State Library  
  Archives & Manuscripts - Texas State Library 
  Historias Paralelas: Digital Collections 
  Documents of Early Texas
The Avalon Project : Spanish-American Diplomacy 
  The Avalon Project : Mexican-American Diplomacy 
  ORAL HISTORY: Texas Memories Oral Histories Online 
  Texas Oral History Collection on the campus of Baylor University 
  Southwestern Classics On-line 
    RECOLLECTIONS OF OLD TEXAS DAYS - diary by Noah Smithwick from 1827 to the Civil War. 
  Gammel's Laws of Texas: Analytical Index to the Laws of Texas 1828-1905 
  Portraits of Texas Governors - Texas State Library  
  The South Texas Border, 1900-1920: Photographs from the Robert Runyon Collection 
IMAGES: TreasureNet Historical Image Collection - click on "by category" and choose Texas. 
  Texas images 
  IMAGES: of Texas 
  Political Cartooning in Texas, 1890s-1990s 
  THE WAY THINGS WERE: A Photographic Essay on Rural Texans and Their Buildings 
Republic Claims Search - Texas State Library 
Many more primary documents & sources can be found according to topic heading.

TEXAS TIMELINES
Texas Timeline (Key Events in early Texas)
  Texas Almanac | Texas History Timeline 
TIMELINE: From Republic to Statehood 
  TIMELINE: San Antonio 1691-1997 
  TIMELINE: Dallas History 
More timelines can be found according to topic heading.

Did you know? A ten-gallon hat holds three-quarters of a gallon.

GENERAL & COMPREHENSIVE TEXAS HISTORY SITES
Lone Star Junction: A Texas and Texas History Resource
  The Handbook of Texas Online - includes a "This Day in Texas History" section. 
  Texas History - LSC-Kingwood  
  Texas State Historical Association - Home - Digital Gateway to Texas History
   The Texian Web - Texas History on the Internet - click on Members List 
Armadillo WWW Server 
  Welcome to the Texas Historical Commission 
  Discover Texas History Splash 
  A Shared Past: Texas and the United States Since Reconstruction 
TSHA - Texas History Links
  Texas Almanac 
  Texas Almanac | Texas History 
The Daughters of the Republic of Texas Library at the Alamo
Texas History, Texas Cultures 
  Texas History, Texas Culture Reading Room
  Texas Escapes, Texas travel guide and historic travel magazine 
    Border Studies - Human Interaction in the Texas-Mexico Borderlands 
  BORDER STUDIES Texas - Mexico Border
  Texans One and All: Ethnic Immigration to Texas
  Texas State Cemetery 
Index to Cemeteries in Texas with info on where famous Texas politicians are buried.
  Historic Cemeteries in Texas 
Texas Trails - The Comprehensive Texas Information Site 
Texas Scrapbook 
Texas Weblinks 
  A Shared Experience and Its Teacher's Guide 
    Main Page--A Shared Experience & Table of Contents for Teacher's Companion to Shared Experience
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Social Studies - What the Texas State Board of Education requires 7th graders in Texas to know about Texas. 
   Texas History Webring 
     UT Library Online 
TEXAS -- It's BIG!!! - Great Statistics on the Lone Star State here!
  Texas Magical History Tour 
  TEXIAN History Resources   
      Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum
Texas History and Culture
  Texas History Web Guide 
Texas History Shorts and Opinions by Don Guillermo 
  The University of Texas Center for American History
  Center for American History Exhibits   
Gone to Texas - Old West and Texas Trivia
Spain, the United States, & the American Frontier
  Sam Houston Center - Texas State Library 
  Texas Folklife Resources
   Welcome to the Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum 
  Welcome to the Texas Association of Museums web site 
  The Institute of Texan Cultures 
  Texas for Kids 
  Legendary Texans - People from Texas and famous events in Texas
  Who was known as ... - Texas State Library 
  Texas Beyond History and Archealogical Glossary 
  Bluebonnet Trail Texas History Helper - Teachers 
  THE U.S.-MEXICO BORDER, 1820s-1990s 

TEXAS HISTORY QUIZZES
Texas History Internet Quiz - Texas History Internet Quiz - ANSWERS
   Texas State Historical Association - Home - Digital Gateway to Texas History
  Texas Quizzes and Texas Trivia -- Fun Trivia 

FLAGS
The Six National Flags of Texas
The Six Flags of Texas(No, not the amusement park) 
  FLAGS of the Texas Revolution
Flags of the Texas Revolution
Flags of Texas Independence 
  Design of the Lone Star Flag - Texas State Library 
  Historic Flags - Texas State Library
  Texas Flag Code

MAPS
UT Library Online - Perry-Castañeda Map Collection - Texas Maps 
  HISTORICAL MAPS: Texas 
  HISTORICAL MAPS: Texas Cities
  MAP: The "New" World   
Crossroads of Empire: Early Printed Maps of Texas and the Southwest  
  Color Landform Atlas: Texas
    Armadillo's Texas Maps 
Texas Historic Sites Atlas Home Page 
  Flags and Maps of Texas - Texas State Library 
  PBS - THE WEST - Texas Map
  MAPS: Texas State History and Social Studies 
  MAP: Locations of Major Indian Tribes of Texas 
  MAP: Spanish Expansion into Texas
  MAP: Stephen F. Austin’s Texas, 1830 
   MAP: Texas in 1836
  MAP: Republic of Texas, 1841
   MAP: Texas During the Republic 
  GLO | Archives and Records | Map Collection 
  American Civil War Texas Map of Battles 
  The South Texas Border: Maps of the Lower Rio Grande
Many, many more maps below in each specific topic section!

TEXAS STATE PARKS PLUS STATE & NATIONAL HISTORICAL LANDMARKS
Find a Texas State Park or Historic Site
  Texas Parks and Wildlife Historic Sites and Exhibits 
Texas State Parks and Historic Sites
National Historic Landmarks - click on Search and select Texas.
National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service 
Links to the Past: National Park Service Cultural Resources
    American Indian Liaison Office -- National Park Service, Washington, D.C.
Archeology and Ethnography Program Home, NPS
Alphabetical Listing of State Parks
Texas State Parks - Clickable Map
Passport to Texas: Texas Parks and Wildlife  
Historic Designations - Vocabulary
Historic Designations 
  Official Texas Historical Markers
Texas Historic Sites Atlas Data - Historical Markers
    Texas Historical Commission
   San Jacinto Monument 
  Historic Designations--United States Inventories 
For wildlife and geography, check out my Texas Natural History page.

TEXAS EXPLORERS
TIMELINE: Spanish Exploration and Colonization 1492-1542 - 1565-1628
TIMELINE: La Salle Shipwreck Project
MAP: The "New" World
MAP: Spanish Expansion into Texas
MAP: The Journey of Cabeza da Vaca
MAP: The Coronado Expedition 1540-1542
MAP: Hernando de Soto's North American Trail
MAP: De Soto's Travels
MAP: De Soto's Route
***** European Voyages of Exploration - Geography/Cartography- Winds and Routes - Shipbuilding - European Maritime Superiority - Way of War - The Sugar & Slave Trades - Religion - Communication - Iberian Pioneers - Imperial Spain - Christopher Columbus - The Caribbean - Latin America - Aztec Empire - The Inca Empire - Brazil 
Our Lady of Guadalupe, patroness of the Americas
Spanish Explorers
P B S : C o n q u i s t a d o r s
  The Conquistadors - Start the Adventure 
Texas Explorers - Why did they come? 
Cabeza de Vaca 
  Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca
Cabeza de Vaca, 16th Century Explorer - Spanish Trails in North America
Cabeza de Vaca's Journey - Texas Details
Cabeza de Vaca: History and Importance
  Cabeza de Vaca - Medicine Man in the Southwest, 1530s  
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado & the Seven Cities of Cibola
History of Estevanico - The Estevanico Society
Who was La Salle?
Seiur de La Salle(1643-1687)
La Salle Shipwreck Project of the THC
  Dallas Historical Society - Texas History Items: LaSalle's Discovery of Texas.
The Explorers - La Salle 
THC/Fort St. Louis Archeological Project
Hernando de Soto - 16th Century
Native American Conquest for Teens: Hernando de Soto
Midwestern Conquest Trails - Louisiana and Texas - get more info and maps on De Soto's exploration.
Letters on the Early Explorers of Texas
  GAME: Cabeza De Vaca's American Journey 
  GAME: The Road North/Camino al Norte: Juan de Oñate's Journey of 1598 
For more info, check out the section on Discovery & Exploration on my From Colonies to Revolution webpage.

THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
CHART: The Columbian Biological Exchange
History of Medicine - Plagues and Peoples: the Columbian Exchange
HISTORY: Where Food Crops Originated 
More on the Columbian Exchange is available on my From Colonies to Revolution page.

SPANISH MISSIONS
European Voyages of Exploration: Religion 
San Antonio Missions National Historical Park Home Page
San Antonio Missions: Spanish Influence in Texas
The Five Spanish Missions of Old San Antonio
San Antonio's Mission Trail
Mission History
MISSION ARCHITECTURE
The Lady in Blue
Mission Frontier - Mission Communities - Typical Mission Day
Gallery of Mission Photographs and Art
MASSANET, DAMIAN
The first mission in East Texas, San Francisco de los Tejas
SAN FRANCISCO DE LOS TEJAS MISSION - First Spanish Mission in Texas, 1690
Mission Espada - Mission Concepcion - Mission San Jose - Mission San Juan
The Location of Spanish Missions
Indian Distribution Before & During The Establishment of the Missions
Missions, Presidios and Villas--Eastern Frontera of New Spain 
Info on the Alamo can be found below in its own section.

NEW SPAIN & MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE
MAP: Spanish Texas 1718 Alarcon's Expedition
MAP: Republic of Mexico, 1824
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Mexican Constitution of 1824 
  New Spain: The Frontiers of Faith 
New Spain-Index 
Humanities-Interactive Border Studies Exhibitions
Mexico: Splendors of Thirty Centuries
Texas under New Spain
SPANISH COLONIAL LIFE 
The Introduction of Cattle & RANCHING IN SPANISH TEXAS - For more on Ranching & Cattle in Texas, check out the HORSES, CATTLE, & COWBOYS section below.
VICEROYS OF NEW SPAIN 1535-1821
Texas Governors, 1691-1821
Pre-Republic Governors of Texas, 1691-1836
SPANISH COMMANDANTS GENERAL
BERNARDO DE GALVEZ and SPAIN - a little Spanish help during the American Revolution.  Namesake of Galveston.
Alarcon Expedition into Future DeWitt Colony
Letters on Spanish Texas
Spanish Xenophobia in Texas--Rise of Independent Tejano Society
Texas--Disputed Border and Buffer between New Spain and the United States
Filibusters into New Spanish Texas
Lt. Zebulon Pike in Spanish Texas
Events in Texas 1811
Las Casas Insurrection
Juan Manuel Zambrano
Revolution in Texas 1812
First Republic of Texas: April-August 1813
Twilight of New Spanish Texas
First Republic of Texas: Capture and Execution of Royalist Gov. Salcedo
First Republic of Texas: Defeat of the Texas Republicans at Medina 
Royal Forces Secure the Sabine River--Coastal Independence Movements
Adams - Onis Treaty of 1819
Texas--Disputed Border and Buffer between New Spain and the United States
Last Filibuster into Spanish Texas--Dr. Colonel James Long
Legal and Controlled Immigration Through Contract--Moses and Stephen F. Austin, 1820 - 1821 
Lorenzo de Zavala
Mexican Independence
Chieftains of Mexican Independence
THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION
Hidalgo, "Generalissimo of America" 
Independence in Spanish America, 1808-1826
Historic Spanish Colonial and Mexican Recipes 
  GAME: New Spain Vocabulary 
  GAME: Adobe Building

FRANCE IN TEXAS
La Salle's French Fort - More on La Salle in the Explorers section above.
Louis XIV & the French in Texas 
MISSIONS ANSWER FRANCE
Virtual Museum of New France 
  The Explorers - La Salle 
History of The French Legation Museum 

EMPRESARIOS & EARLY SETTLEMENTS IN TEXAS
MAP: Empresario Grants Coahuila y Tejas 1825-1832
MAP: Stephen F.Austin’s Texas, 1830
CHART WITH LINKS: Empresario Contracts in Colonization of Texas
Legal and Controlled Immigration Through Contract--Moses and Stephen F. Austin, 1820 - 1821
Coahuila y Tejas-Index
The Austin Colony
Moses & Stephen F. Austin
Coat of Arms of the Austin family & the Anglo-American Colony
Stephen Fuller Austin & Stephen F. Austin(1793-1836) 
OLD THREE HUNDRED
  Brazoria County Museum: Names of the "Old Three Hundred"
Texas Pioneer Trails
Austin History
Nacogdoches, the Oldest Town in Texas
Early Days in Texas - Nathan Burkett Memoirs
THE WOMEN OF PIONEER DAYS
DeWitt Colony Ladies
  LONE STAR & EAGLE: German Immigration to Texas 
  The German Immigrants--A Chapter in a Study of Texas Lancd Settlement Practices 
  Chronology of Central European Colonization in Texas 
  Texas Czech Storyteller

TEXAS REVOLUTION, INDEPENDENCE, & STATEHOOD
TIMELINE: Washington on the Brazos 
  MAP: Texas 1820-1836 
  MAP: 1826-1827 Fredonia and 1835-1836 Texas Revolt 
  MAP: Texas, 1836 
  MAP: Texas in 1836 
  MAP: Washington-on-the-Brazos
  MAP: Goliad 
  MAP: San Jacinto 
   MAP: Texas During the Republic 
  MAP: Republic of Texas, 1841 
   FLAG: Mexican Battle Flag 
  FLAGS of the Texas Revolution 
FLAGS: Texas Independence
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Texas Declaration of Independence: March 2, 1836
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Texas Declaration of Independence 
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Sam Houston's account of the Battle of San Jacinto
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Treaties of Velasco (14 May 1836) 
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Texas Constitution
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Resolution Annexing Texas to the US (1 March 1845) 
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Ratification of Texas Annexation, 1845 Vote Totals
***** Texas War of Independence-Index
  The Texians: Heroes of the Revolution
The Texas Revolution 
  Bustamante Decree 1830 & Turtle Bayou Resolutions
     Convention of 1832 -- 1 October 1832
Convention of 1833
Consultation of 1835 
Convention of 1836
  Washington on the Brazos: Role in History
Washington on the Brazos: Fighting Words
     Confrontation-Anahuac/ Velasco/Nacogdoches
Battle of Velasco--26 June 1832
     Public Opinion in Texas Preceding the Revolution
Battle of Gonzales - "Come and Take It!"
Battle of Gonzales--2 October 1835
Goliad Campaign of 1835
Goliad Massacre 
Goliad
The Grass Fight -- 28 November 1835
Muster at Gonzales & Battle of Bexar
    Battle of Salado by Miles S. Bennet
   HENDRICK ARNOLD - African American Patriot of the Texas Revolution
  Emily West - "The Yellow Rose of Texas" 
  Who was the inspiration for "The Yellow Rose of Texas?"
  Texas Revolution Uniforms(images)
Special BATTLE OF THE ALAMO section below!!!
The Retreat to San Jacinto & THE RUNAWAY SCRAPE
Battle of San Jacinto (21 April 1836) 
The Battle of San Jacinto - includes Battlefield MAP 
Santa Anna and The Battle of San Jacinto
SAM HOUSTON & TEXAS 
The Capture of Santa Anna at San Jacinto
      San Jacinto Veterans: Biographical Sketches of the Participants
    San Jacinto Veterans: Participants, Wounded, & Casualties
   Index to Military Rolls of the Republic of Texas 1835-1845
San Jacinto Museum - the Founding of the City of Houston
  San Jacinto Monument and Museum - San Jacinto Museum of History Assoc. 
  San Jacinto Monument 
    The Republic of Texas (1836-1845) 
The Texians: Leaders of the Republic
  PRESIDENTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TEXAS
Presidents of the Republic
  Presidents and Vice Presidents of the Republic of Texas, 1836-1846 
     The Constitution of Texas 
The Capitols of Texas
Money of the Republic of Texas
MORE on the Money of the Republic of Texas
  Resolution Annexing Texas to the US 
  Annexation - Texas State Library
TEXAS' EARLY STATEHOOD
  San Jacinto Museum - The Texas Navy and two of the battles the Navy fought: Battle of Sabine Pass and The Battle of Galveston -- 1 January 1863
  The Mier Expedition - precursor to the Mexican War of 1846.  More on the U.S. Mexican War below.
  Annexation - Celebrating 150 Years of Texas Statehood

REMEMBER THE ALAMO!
TIMELINE: Alamo Chronology from 1716 - 1997 
  TIMELINE: Battle of the Alamo, 1836
  CLICKABLE MAP: The Alamo Compound in 1836 
  MAPS: Alamo 
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: General Santa Anna's Formal Written Order to Attack, March 5, 1836
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Travis' Appeal for Aid at the Alamo 
GLOSSARY: The Second Flying Company of Alamo de Parras Glossary of Terms - terms relating to the Alamo and Texas history!
  SOUND FILE: The "Deguello" - the Mexican Bugle Call
  ALAMO IMAGES: Changing Perceptions of a Texas Experience
PBS American Experience - Remember the Alamo, Maps, Timeline, People & Events, Survivor Stories, Teacher's Guide, Online Poll
  The History Channel: The Alamo
***** Alamo de Parras, The Story of the Alamo's Early History - absolutely the best for early Alamo history!!!!! 
  Alamo de Parras Table of Contents 
How the Alamo got its name
Frequently Asked Questions About the Alamo 
   The History of the Alamo 
  El Fuerte del Alamo —The Alamo Fort
The Mission San Antonio de Valero(The Alamo)
    The Battle of the Alamo 
  Siege and Battle of the Alamo -- 6 March 1836 
THE ALAMO - Table of Contents
     Gonzales Alamo Relief Force
William B. Travis (1809-1836)
     David Crockett (1786-1836)
  Antonia Lopez de Santa Ana (1794 -1876)
  The Texians and Tejanos at the Alamo 
  The Mexican Army 
  Weapons of the Battle 
  Casualties at the Siege of the Alamo 
Survivors of the Alamo
    Articles Relating to the History of the Alamo 
Alamo Widows & Mothers 
  Alamo Myths
   Remember the Alamo 
  "Texas, Texans and The Alamo" On-Line Exhibit 
  "To Whom Was This Sacrifice Useful?" - Narrative of José Enrique de la Pena and Peña Narrative Translation Excerpt 
    The Alamo - Geography
The Daughters of the Republic of Texas Library at the Alamo
  Handbook of Texas Online: DAUGHTERS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TEXAS
  The Alamo Shrine 
  The Institute of Texas Culture Presents the Alamo
  Mythologizing The Alamo 
  Alamo Ghost 
  Newspaper Archives relating to the Alamo(past & present) 
  Alamo Links 
  The Alamo Cam 
  Alamo de Parras' Teacher's Guide 
  Lesson Plan: Texas in the Mirror
  THE RUNAWAY SCRAPE - between the Battles of the Alamo and San Jacinto, terrified settlers head east! 
The Retreat to San Jacinto(Runaway Scrape)
Runaway Scrape

FOR INFO & BIOS ON SOME HEROES OF THE ALAMO AS WELL AS OTHER FAMOUS TEXAS, CHECK THE "FAMOUS TEXANS IN HISTORY SECTION" BELOW

TEXAS & THE U.S. - MEXICAN WAR OF 1846
CHART & TIMELINE: Mexican-American War Events 
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The U.S.-Mexican War (1846-1848) - PBS 
    Invasión Yanqui: The Mexican War 
  A Mexican Viewpoint on the War With the United States
  Texas: The Obligee Antecedent and the Mexican - American War.
Texas and War with Mexico
For more on the Mexican American War, visit my 19th Century America page.

FAMOUS TEXANS IN HISTORY (listed alphabetically)
  Who was known as ... - Texas State Library 
***** Notable Texans before 1900
  Notable Native Texans   Famous Texans, past and present!  
  Pre-Republic Governors of Texas, 1691-1836 
  Presidents and Vice Presidents of the Republic of Texas, 1836-1846
  Governors of Texas, 1846-present 
  U.S. Senators from Texas: 1846-present
   The Texians: A Database of the People of the Republic 
  The Texians: Heroes of the Revolution 
  The Texians: Leaders of the Republic
  Branch T. Archer (1790-1856)
HENDRICK ARNOLD - African American Patriot of the Texas Revolution
    Stephen F. Austin (1793-1836) 
  Bonnie and Clyde
   Edward Burleson (1798-1851)
David G. Burnet (1788-1870)
James Bowie (1796-1836)
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado (1510-1554) 
David Crockett (1786-1836)
  Susana Dickinson (1814-1883)
James W. Fannin (1804-1836)
   Sam Houston (1793-1863)
Sam Houston a Texas Hero
Lyndon Baines Johnson, the 36th President of the United States 
Scott Joplin (1868-1917)
Barbara Jordan (1936-1996)
Mirabeau Lamar (1798-1859) 
Jane Long (1798-1880)
Elisabet Ney (1833-1907)
  Pappy O'Daniel - Texas Governor & U.S. Senator (portrayed as the governor of of Mississippi in the 2000 film, Oh Brother, Where Art Thou)
Quanah Parker - A Texas Legend
William Sydney " O. Henry" Porter (1862-1910)
Thomas J. Rusk (1803-1857)
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (1794-1876)
Henry Smith (1788-1851) 
William B. Travis (1809-1836)
William A. A. "Bigfoot" Wallace (1793-1836) 
Emily West - "The Yellow Rose of Texas"  
   Quotes from famous Texans 
Index to Cemeteries in Texas with info on where famous Texas politicians are buried.

NATIVE AMERICAN TEXAS TRIBES
MAP: Indians of Texas - includes info on major tribes
  MAP: American Indians - Geographical Distribution
  MAPS: Texas Indian Maps 
Who are "Texas Indians"?
Indian Groups in Texas
  Texas Indians (frames) & Texas Indians (no frames) 
Texas Indians Links
Texas Indians
Texas Indian Coloring Pages 
  Special Exhibits-Stone Tools of Texas Indians
  NATIVE PRE-CONTACT HOUSING: Types, map distribution, construction
PUEBLOS: Masonry and Adobe Communal Housing
  GAME: Adobe Building 
The Introduction of Cattle
  NATIVE AMERICANS AND THE HORSE
  INDIANS AND HORSES AT WAR
Horses and Plains Indians 
  Indian Distribution Before and During the Establisment of the Spanish Missions
  The Atakapan Indian Groups 
  Black Seminoles in Texas and Mexico
  Caddo Cultures in Texas - The Caddos
Coahuiltecan Indians
The Comanches
The Jumano Indians 
The Karankawa Indians
The Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas
Kiowa Indians - Kiowa Drawings in the National Anthropological Archives 
  Tonkawa Indians 
The Waco Indians
The Wichita Indians 
  THE PRE-CONQUEST: Native American Gods 
  Legend of the Bluebonnet - A Legend of Texas Bluebonnet 
Ted's Indian Arrowheads and Artifacts from Comanche County, Texas 
  Texas Arrowheads and Artifacts
The Mystery of the Disappearing Indians of Texas 
  The Gault Site: The Art and Archeology of the Earliest Texans 
American Indian Liaison Office -- National Park Service, Washington, D.C.
For more info, please visit my Native Americans page.

TEXAS IN THE CIVIL WAR
MAP: American Civil War Battles in Texas 
  MAP: Texas Civil War Era Nautical Charts 
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Texas Ordinance of Secession (February 2, 1861) 
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: DECLARATION OF CAUSES
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: THE RECONSTRUCTION ACTS: 1867
  Narrative History of Texas Secession and Readmission to the Union - many primary sources with annotation. 
  Compromise of 1850 - Break up of Texas (includes MAPS) 
     Secession Convention of 1861
  Texas and Reconstruction  
  The Impact of Civil War Legislation on Texas 
  When Did Reconstruction End
Juneteenth - June 19, 1865: the date word of the Emancipation Proclamation reached Texas(two years late!) 
  Civil War Texas 
  TEXAS DURING THE CIVIL WAR 
  Texas Forces in the Civil War 
  The Battle of Glorieta Pass: A Shattered Dream 
  Battle of Sabine Pass - The Battle of Sabine Pass - Battle Summary: Sabine Pass II, TX
  Battle Palmito Ranch - last battle of the Civil War 
  Reconstruction
     Texas in the Civil War/Texas Historical Commission 
     Levi Jordan Plantation - Brazoria, Texas - terrific site!  
  Levi Jordan Plantation History
  African American residents of the Levi Jordan Plantation 
  Sharecropping and Tenancy & Why did the tenants leave the Jordan plantation? 
  "Everything They Owned" - African-Americans in late 19th century Brazoria County 
37th Texas Cavalry (Terrell's), CSA 
  The McArdle Notebooks - Texas State Library 
     Frank Vandiver: A Life for the Confederacy
For tons of info on the war, check out my Civil War page!

TEXAS AND THE WILD WEST: CATTLE, HORSES, & COWBOYS
TIMELINE: History of the Longhorn Breed 
  TIMELINE: Texas Rangers 
  MAP: Chisholm Trail 
  MAP: Texas Cattle Trails 
  MAP: Three major cattle trails 
   MAPS & INFO: Texas Frontier Forts - Check out the section below for more info on the Forts & Military (such as the Buffalo Soldiers) in Texas. 
  IMAGES: American West - Texas
Welcome to THE WEST 
   Texas Ranger Hall of Fame and Museum - Home Page
  The Texas Rangers (no, not the base-ball team)
Texas Rangers
  Texas Ranger Company Jurisdictions 
  Rangers and Outlaws - Texas State Library 
    A Guide To Period Firearms and Their Use - Guns Firearms and Ammunition History
   Along the Chisholm Trail 
  Oliver Loving and the Goodnight-Loving Trail, Trail Drives of the Old West
  Cowboy Hall of Fame 
  The National Cowgirl Museum & Hall of Fame - Home Page 
  The Texas Cowboy Gazette, History of the Texas Cowboy 
  Early Tejano Ranching in Texas 
  The Cowboy and the City 
  Black Cowboys of Texas 
  Home on the Range: Richard Phillips 
  Trials of the Trail: African-American Cowboy Will Crittendon 
  Texas - The Cowboy Culture 
  Cowboy Myths 
  History of The Cowboy Hat Main Page 
  Cowboy Photographer: Erwin E. Smith | Online Collection Guide
The Introduction of Cattle
  Join a Cattle Drive 
  Cattlemen and Cowboys 
  Horses and Cows 
  The Markets 
  The Syndicates 
  Texas Longhorn Country: History of Longhorn cattle 
  The Texas Longhorn: Living Legend of the American West 
  Texas cattle history 
  Git along little dogies (a motherless calf)! 
  The History of Cattle Brands 
  Texas Cattle Brands 
  Frontier Times - Cattle, Brands, etc. 
  Stonewall (TX) County Brands 
  Branding Irons 
  Handbook of Texas Online: BARBED WIRE 
  Devil's Rope Barbed Wire Museum Homepage 
  Don't Fence Me In - Table of Contents 
  Barbed Wire History 
  IMAGES: Barbed Wire 
  Barbed Wire Identification 
  Don't Fence Me In - Barbed wire in Texas 
  The First Barbs - Barbed wire in Texas  
     Chronological History of Humans and Their Relationship With the Horse
Horse of Legend--Steel Dust 
  Horse Web Links
  STAGE TRAVEL IN AMERICA 
     PEOPLE OF COLOR ON THE WESTERN FRONTIER 
  NORTHERN MEXICO AND SOUTHWEST TEXAS
Ghost Towns of the west - For more, check out the section below on "Ghost Towns, Stories, & Cemeteries." 
Cowboy Songs
**** Pioneer Life 
  The Badlands Trail--the Best of the Wild West on the WWW
The Long Trail: Index to Links, Resources and Events
Welcome to the Wild West Show!
   Historical Survey--A Shared Experience--Juan Nepomuceno Cortina 
  The Old Dallas Shootists - gunfighters for hire!
For much, much more on the history of the WILD WEST, drop by my 19th Century America page!

TEXAS FORTS & MILITARY HISTORY
MAPS & INFO: Texas Frontier Forts 
  Texas Trail of Forts
  The Texas Military Forces Museum 
  Texas National Guard Historical Sketch 1835 to 1938
  The Buffalo Soldiers on the Western Frontier
Texas Buffalo Soldiers Table of Contents
The Buffalo Soldiers
Buffalo Soldier
The Area Of The Buffalo Soldiers
  BUFFALO SOLDIERS/MESCALERO APACHES
  Fort Chadbourne Foundation 
  Fort Clark - Brackettville, Texas - Home of The Seminole-Negro Indian Scouts & Black Seminoles in Texas and Mexico 
  Welcome to Fort Concho 
  FORT DAVIS - Fort Davis National Historic Site (National Park Service) 
  FORT STOCKTON HISTORIC SITE - Historic Fort Stockton 
  Coastal Fortification on the Gulf of Mexico 
  The Military Horse 
  Lost Battalion of Texas in WWII
For more info, check out the section on the Civil War above. Also, check out my Military History, Info, Stats, Civil War, World War I, World War II, and Cold War - Korea - Vietnam - Desert Storm - Enduring Freedom pages.

TEXAS GHOST TOWNS, SPOOKY STORIES, & CEMETERIES
Ghost Towns of the west 
   Chickenskin: True Ghost Stories & Weird Tales from Texas 
  Lone Star Spirits 
  Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Texas 
  HAUNTINGS HISTORY OF SAN ANTONIO GHOST HUNT 
     Alamo Ghost 
  Children of the Tracks 
   Old West Gravesites in Texas
   Texas State Cemetery 
    Historic Cemeteries in Texas 
  The Political Graveyard: Index to Cemeteries in Texas 
  African American Cemeteries Online - Texas

TEXAS RAILROAD HISTORY
Railroad Building in Texas 
  Train Crash at Crush -- 1896 
  KatyRailroad.org / Katy Railroad Historical Society 
  The Katy Railroad 
  Steam Locomotives in SE Texas and SW Louisiana  
  WHY WOULD ANYONE GIVE UP A SENATE SEAT? John H. Reagan Did.
For much more on Railroad History, check out the RAILROAD HISTORY section on my 19th Century America page & the section on TRANSPORTATION HISTORY on my 20th Century America page.

VARIOUS LATE 19TH CENTURY TEXAS TOPICS
The First Lone Star State Fair (1852) 
  The 1865 Texas Gold Shootout 
  Sharecropping and Tenancy at the Levi Jordan Plantation 
  "Everything They Owned" - African-Americans in late 19th Brazoria County
  THE NEW SOUTH AND THE LAST WEST 
  Jewish Stars in Texas.
  Establishing a Farm in 1869 
  Burned at the Stake: A Black Man Pays for a Town’s Outrage - 1893 Paris, Texas lynching of Henry Smith.
  Agrarian Discontent 
  Labor Strikes in Texas 
  Texas Political Bosses 
  The Boll Weevil Song, 1892 
  THE WAY THINGS WERE: A Photographic Essay on Rural Texans and Their Buildings 
  Ruffini Brothers, Pioneer Texas Architects - Texas State Library 
  TIMELINE: Dallas History

TEXAS OIL BOOM
SPINDLETOP
SPINDLETOP OILFIELD 
  Spindletop 
  Discovery of the Panhandle Oil and Gas Field 
  Oil Boom Days in the Panhandle - 1925 
  PLYMOUTH OILERS 
  EAST TEXAS FIELD 
  HOT OIL & CONNALLY HOT OIL ACT OF 1935 
  Texas City, Texas Disaster 1947 

20TH CENTURY TEXAS: 1900 - 1959
PRIMARY DOCUMENTS: WPA Life Histories from Texas 
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Mapping Jobs for Texas Migrants
  PRIMARY DOCUMENTS: Texas in the Twentieth Century  
The Deadliest Natural Disaster in US history: GALVESTON HURRICANE OF 1900 - Galveston Hurricane of 1900 - The Galveston Hurricane of 1900 - The 1900 Storm: Galveston, Texas - Lost and Found Sound: Remembering the Galveston Storm of 1900 - The Galveston Hurricane of 1900 - The 1900 Galveston Hurricane - TIME - Ghost Tours Of Galveston: Galveston Hurricane of 1900 Texas 
    TEXAS AND THE U.S. IN THE PROGRESSIVE ERA AND WORLD WAR I
  ANGLO-TEXAN AND GERMAN-TEXAN FRICTION DURING WORLD WAR I 
  The Woman Suffrage Movement In Texas 
  Votes for Women! - Texas State Library 
  Agricultural Changes in the 1920s 
   The KKK in Texas - Klu Klux Klan in 1920s El Paso, TX - Ku Klux Klan in Dallas, Texas During the 1920s - Burned at the Stake: A Black Man Pays for a Town’s Outrage in Paris, Texas - 1893. 
  Texas in the 20s and 30s 
  Texas Guinan: Queen of the Night by Leo Trachtenberg
  The Dust Bowl 
   New Deal Texans 
      RURAL TEXAS WOMEN AT WORK, 1930-1960 
  Toward A Better Living For Rural Texas Blacks, 1930-1960 
  Bobbed Hair Blues: A Mexican-American Song Laments “Las Pelonas” 
  Maury Maverick's San Antonio 
  Mexican Working Women in the 1938 Pecan Shellers Strike, Introduction 
  IMAGES: Pecan Shellers of San Antonio, Texas 
  PICTURING TEXAS: FSA-OWI Photographers in the Lone Star State, 1935-1943 
  Cotton and Petroleum Crises of 1931 in Texas 
  Bonnie and Clyde 
  PRIMARY DOCUMENT: “The Ballad of Bonnie and Clyde” by Bonnie Parker 
  Clyde Barrow wanted poster
    Parallels Between the 1930s and the 1980s 
  Work Relief Administration Press Conferences, Hopkins, 3/23/34 
  Pea-Pickers' Child 
  O’DANIEL, Wilbert Lee (Pappy): Governor in the 30s & U.S. Senator, 1941-1949 
  Beautiful Texas, by Pappy O'Daniel and sung the the Lightcrust Doughboys
  World War II Texas: WWII Men and Women, POW Camps, Memorials, Home Front Stories
   U.S. Latino & Latina World War II Oral History Project
  Handbook of Texas Online - WORLD WAR II INTERNMENT CAMPS - Texas Public Radio - Germans Interned in Texas during WWII
  The National Museum of the Pacific War - Fredericksburg, Texas   
  Educators' WW II memories form digital oral history 
Lost Battalion of Texas in WWII 
Ivy Branches and Roots Mills County, TX World War II Vets
  McLean(TX) Prisoner of War (WWII) Camp 
  World War II Internment Camp: Crystal City, Texas
     Sweatt v. Painter Archive - African American Demands Entrance to U.T. Law School, 1946. 
Texas City, Texas Disaster 1947 
     Senator McCarthy Comes to Texas 
  History of the State Fair of Texas
Info on Texan President Lyndon B. Johnson (LBJ) can be found on my Presidents page.

GROWING UP IN TEXAS DURING THE 1960s!
The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas - for more on the assassination, please visit the JFK links on my Presidents page.
  Texas and the U.S. in the 1960s 
  Lyndon Baines Johnson 
Greg Knight's Patio Culture! Suburban Living In The 1960's
  Slam Bang Theater Starring Icky Twerp with Ajax and Delphinium! 
Grand Opening in 1961 - Six Flags Over Texas History Time-Line 
  Six Flags Over Texas - Gone, but not forgotten Rides/Attractions

1970 - PRESENT
frontline: waco - the inside story
AFRICAN AMERICAN MURDERED BY WHITE SUPREMACISTS IN JASPER, TEXAS

"THE REPUBLIC OF TEXAS" - EXTREMIST GROUP
Republic of Texas? - Anti-government group declares Lone Star state a sovereign nation
The "Republic of Texas"
"Republic of Texas"

GENEALOGY & RESEARCH
ROOTS-L Resources: United States Resources - Genealogy sites
United States Resources: Texas
Lonestar Genealogy Webring
The Cherokee Genealogy Page
  Ivy Branches and Roots Mills County, TX World War II Vets
  Genealogy - Texas State Library 
  German-Texan Immigrant Passenger Lists 
  LONE STAR & EAGLE: German Immigration to Texas 
  The German Immigrants--A Chapter in a Study of Texas Land Settlement Practices 
  Chronology of Central European Colonization in Texas 
  SOMOS PRIMOS: Dedicated to Hispanic Heritage and Diversity Issues 
  Texas Czech Storyteller 
  Texans One and All - Ethnic Immigration to Texas 
For more Genealogy sites, visit my People: Biographies and Genealogy page.

MISC. TEXAS HISTORY TOPICS & SITES
Texas Trails - The Free Comprehensive Texas Information Site 
    The Institute of Texan Cultures
Regions of Texas & Images of Texas - For much more on the Geography and Nature of Texas, check out my Texas Natural History webpage.
    Geobop's Prehistoric Texas
   The Texas Archeological Society 
  Seguin Descendants Historical Preservation 
The Way it Was - Life on the Farm 
  Austin: Then and Now  
  City of Austin - Austin Treasures: Online Exhibits from the Austin History 
  TIMELINE: Dallas History & Dallas History 
   History of Fredericksburg, Texas 
  Odessa Texas - A visual History 
  TIMELINE: San Antonio 1691-1997 
  San Antonio Conservation Society
   South Texas Trails 
  MYTHOS: Celtic Texas
  Legend of the Bluebonnet - A Legend of Texas Bluebonnet  
U. S. Postage Stamps about Texas and Texans
    Songs of Texas - SUPER MIDIS of GREAT songs!!! 
  Dr Pepper Museum
  Texas History Internet Quiz 
  Texas History Nuggets 
  Political Cartooning in Texas, 1890s - 1990s 
  The West in Film and History 
  TSHA - Publications - Texas in Film