WORLD WAR I

Updated January 2011

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TIMELINES / PRIMARY DOCUMENTS, LETTERS, & DIARIES

STATISTICS & CASUALTIES / DIPLOMACY AND CAUSES OF THE WAR

PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES / BATTLE STRATEGY & INFO

WEAPONS & THE TROOPS / TRENCH WARFARE / GAS WARFARE

MILITARY MEDICINE / WAR IN THE AIR & ON THE SEA

MAPS, IMAGES, ART / WAR PROPAGANDA

SPIES - ESPIONAGE - CODES! / SPECIFIC BIOGRAPHIES & THE WAR IN THE MIDDLE EAST

WOMEN & THE HOME FRONT

MUSIC & POETRY OF THE WAR

THE 1918 FLU EPIDEMIC

LEAGUE OF NATIONS - WILSON'S 14 POINTS / VERSAILLES TREATY

MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS & OTHER DECORATIONS

AFTER THE WAR

VARIOUS DIFFERENT TOPICS / MORE WORLD WAR I LINKS

TWO OF THE BEST
***** World War I - Trenches on the Web is an excellent and searchable site on the Great War. Check out the Site Map at: Trenches on the Web - Reference Library
Go straight to the search page: Trenches on the Web - Trench Search
BBC History - World War One - BBC - History: World Wars in-depth

TIMELINES (Most also have info on the War)
Trenches on the Web - Timeline: Index
TIMELINE: Events Leading to the Great War, 1870-1914
TIMELINE: World War One Chronology
TIMELINE: 28-Jun-1914 - Assassination in Sarajevo
WW1 Timeline
U.S. Involvement in World War I
Time Line
America Over There in WWI
More timelines below under specific topic headings.

PRIMARY DOCUMENTS
The World War I Document Archive
PRIMARY DOCUMENTS: World War I
PRIMARY DOCUMENTS: World War I, Treaties by Date
British Documents on the Origins of the War, 1898-1914
World War I, The Daily Telegraph Affair - October 1908
World War I, The "Willy-Nicky" Telegrams, July-August 1914
President Woodrow Wilson's Appeal for Neutrality - August 1914
Lloyd George on the Battle of the Somme - July 1916
The Balfour Declaration - January 1917
Woodrow Wilson: PEACE WITHOUT VICTORY - January 1917
The Zimmerman Note - January 1917
THE ZIMMERMANN NOTE, Released March 1, 1917
NARA | Digital Classroom | Teaching With Documents: The Zimmermann Telegram
Coded version of the Zimmerman Telegram
De-coded Zimmerman Telegram
   President Wilson asks for a Declaration of War Against Germany - April 1917
Senate Opposition to Wilson's Call for a Declaration of War - April 1917
    PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The 27 Articles of T.E. Lawrence - August 1917 - more primary documents relating to Lawrence and the war in the Middle East by clicking HERE.
   The Avalon Project: President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points - January 1918
Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points - January 1918
World War I, The U.S. Sedition Act, May 1918
The Versailles Treaty June 28, 1919
Versailles Treaty, 1919 (by Article)
World War I, The League of Nations Protocol - October 1920
Treaties of Peace Between the US and Germany, Austria and Hungary - 1921
   The Covenant of the League of Nations - including amendments adopted December 1924
The Geneva Protocol of 1925: Poisonous or Other Gases, Bacteriological Warfare
American Leaders Speak: Recordings from World War I and the 1920 Election
The Stars and Stripes: The American Soldiers' Newspaper of World War I, 1918-1919
From the Home Front and the Front Lines (American Treasures Exhibition, Library of Congress)
More primary documents available under specific subject headings listed below.

FIRST PERSON ACCOUNTS AND LETTERS
U-boat Attack, 1916
EyeWitness To World War I
   World War One Letters Home
Jack Turner's War
Soldier's Mail
BBC History site - World War One Soldier's Diary Readings
BBC - History - Charlie's War: The Diary and Letters of a Canadian Corporal
    History Channel - Dear Home: Letters from WWI
Letters from World War One and Two. - fantastic database.
World War I Letters
   American Experience | War Letters
Cecil Slack and the Great War
The History of a WWI Soldier
BBC - History - The Human Face of War
Views of War, from A Soldier's Diary: the Diary of Benjamin Edgar Cruzan
Battle Lines: Letters from America's Wars
From the Home Front and the Front Lines (American Treasures Exhibition, Library of Congress)

STATISTICS - THE COST OF WAR
Casualties in WWI
The Great War in Numbers: Stats on WWI
First World War Statistics
Statistics for WWI
HELLFIRE CORNER - The Great War - Impact - Statistics
Financial Cost of the First World War
Casualties: First World War
USA Army Deaths: 1914-1918
Australian Military Statistics
More WWI stats, plus stats from other US wars can be found on my Military History, Info, Stats page.

DIPLOMACY DURING & AFTER THE WAR
Britain & Germany: The Naval Arms Race
Summary of Alliances and Agreements, 1879-1907
The Dual Alliance between German and Austria-Hungary (1879)
The Triple Alliance, 1882
The Franco-Russian Alliance (1894)
The Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902/5)
PRIMARY DOCUMENTS: Laws of War
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Russian Alliance Military Convention - 1892
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Entente Cordiale Between England and France - 1904
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Anglo-Russian Entente - 1907
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Arbitration Convention Between the United States and Austria-Hungary, 1909
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Treaty of Alliance Between Germany and Turkey - 1914
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Sykes-Picot Agreement: 1916
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Peace Treaty of Brest-Litovsk; March 3, 1918
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: British White Paper of June 1922
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Palestine Mandate, 1922
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Kellogg-Briand Pact - 1928
1914-1920: Diplomacy of the First World War
1921-1936: Diplomacy of Isolationism

CAUSES OF THE WAR
TIMELINE: 1839-1914 The Long Fuse
TIMELINE: The July Crisis, 1914
TIMELINE: 28-Jun-1914 - Assassination in Sarajevo
Causes of World War I
Toward World War I in Europe to 1908
A Joyful Leap into World War I, 1911-1914
Lectures for World War I
"NEW IMPERIALISM (1870 - 1914)
   AN OUTLINE AND SURVEY COURSE OF WORLD WAR I
World War I, The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Serbian nationalism from the "Nacertanije" to the Yugoslav Kingdom
Sarajevo, June 28, 1914
World War I, The Narodna Odbrana - The Black Hand
The Balkan causes of World War I
   The Austrian Ultimatum to Serbia, July 23,1914 and the Serbian Reply
The July Crisis: The Austrian Viewpoint - Serbian Viewpoint - German Viewpoint - Views of the German General Staff - The Russian Viewpoint - British Viewpoint - French Viewpoint
   World War I Begins
World War I, The "Willy-Nicky" Telegrams
War and Neutral Rights
The Zimmerman Telegram
United States Enters World War I
The Nations Involved in the Great War
First World War: Political Leaders
World War I Overview
Triple Entente - Triple Alliance
Turkey in 1914 - Italy in 1914 - Russia in 1914 - Austria in 1914 - Germany in 1914 - France in 1914 - Britain in 1914
GAME: The Causes of the First World War

THE MAJOR PLAYERS
WWI Participants
First World War: Political Leaders
First World War: Military Leaders
Europe: 1914
France - Great Britain/U.K. - Russia/USSR - Austria-Hungary - Germany - Kingdom of Serbia - Turkey/Ottoman Empire
U.S. Participation in the Great War
U.S. Involvement in World War I

BATTLE STRATEGY - WAR PLANS
Trenches on the Web - Timeline: 1905-1914 - War Plans
The Schlieffen Plan
First World War Tactics

BATTLEFIELDS
ANIMATED MAP: Western Front
The Static Front
Hellfire Corner - The Great War - Battlefield Guide - Charles Fair
Battles of the First World War
First World War: Military Leaders
World War I Battlefields
Tragedy on the Somme - Battle of the Somme - The importance of the Battle of the Somme - the Somme
Passchendaele
Vimy Ridge
Cambrai
German Policy in Occupied Belgium, 1914-1918
The Gallipoli Association
Jordan - History - The Great Arab Revolt - more on the war in the Middle East HERE.

THE WEAPONS & TROOPS
First World War Weapons
1913 Armory Show
Trenches on the Web - Armory
ARMIES OF THE WESTERN FRONT 1914
Basic Training
Delousing
Leave
   The Aerodrome - Aces and Aircraft of World War I
Air Warfare
Artillery
Artillery
Gas Warfare
Guns
US Defensive Grenades in WWI
Naval
Tank Warfare
U-boats
U-boats - On patrol with U 35
Tanks - Page 1 - Page 2
Trench Warfare
Troops - Page 1 - Page 2
Sturmtruppen (Stormtroopers)
The Wheels for the AEF
Zeppelins
The Doughboy Center - General Headquarters - Contents
Rank Insignia of the German Army, 1914-1918
The Organization of the German Army, 1914

TRENCH WARFARE
Life in the Trenches - Life in a trench
The Static Front
BBC - History - Life in The Trenches Virtual Tour
BBC - History - World War One Trench Virtual Tour
BBC - History - Front Line Trench Virtual Tour
BBC - History - Dogfight Over the Trenches Virtual Tour
   The Trench
Lyrics to "Christmas in the Trenches"
HELLFIRE CORNER - The Christmas Truce - 1914
US Defensive Grenades in WWI
The Trenches at Messines 1916-17
British Trench Warfare 1917-1918
Armory: Trench Warfare
Trench Warfare in World War One
Encyclopaedia of the First World War: Trench War
Trench Poetry and Songs

GAS WARFARE
Trenches on the Web - Armory: Gas Warfare
Mustard Gas Poisoning
Mustard Gas
Germany's Use of Chemical Warfare in the Great War
The Geneva Protocol of 1925: Poisonous or Other Gases, Bacteriological Warfare

MEDICINE OF THE WAR
The Medical Front, WWI
The Medical Front WWI | Medical History
Nurse Helen Fairchild: My Aunt, My Hero
1918 - Medical Personnel
War's Cruel Scythe: the Health of Australian Soldiers in the First World War
Info on the Influenza Pandemic of 1918 can be found below.

AVIATION
The Aerodrome - Aces and Aircraft of World War I
Wings With Wires / Aerodrome / Manufacturers
Great War in the Air - Exhibition Home Page
Aircraft and the First World War
Fighting the Flying Circus - Eddie Rickenbacker's World War One memoirs.
Air Warfare
BBC - History - Dogfight Over the Trenches Virtual Tour
World War I Aviation Page
Zeppelins
Zeppelins at War
Airships: The Hindenburg and Other Zeppelins

WAR AT SEA
uboat.net - The U-boat War in World War One (WWI)
RMS Lusitania
Enter Lost Liners for more info on the Lusitania
World War One - The Maritime War
World War I - Naval Historical Center
Dreadnought
World War I Victory Medal
Fates of the German U-boats
THE U-BOAT WAR IN CARTOONS
U-boat Attack, 1916
Submarine Warfare - The Online Casebook
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
BRITISH NAVAL VESSELS LOST AT SEA, 1914-18
Royal Naval Division, British Royal Marines:1916 - 1918
IMAGES: Warship Gallery, Turn of the Century

IMAGES, MAPS, & AUDIO
WWI MAPS
The ANIMATED map as history: World War I, 1914-1918: Europe plunges into War
MAP: Europe, 1914
MAP: Europe on the Eve of World War I, 1914
Map - Wars from 1900 to 1925
Map - Losses in World War One
Map - Austria-Hungary
Images of WWI
ANIMATED MAP: Western Front
Trenches on the Web - Fractal Gallery
Trenches on the Web - Map Room
Map - Europe in 1914
History of Europe between the Two World Wars 1918-1942 : Europe after World War I
The World, Political Realignment MAP, 1919
Europe, Political Realignment MAP, 1919
Map of Germany after World War I and the Versailles Peace treaty (1919)
Maps, Charts, Photos and Cartoons Relating to the Versailles Treaty
MAP: The Effect of the Versailles Treaty
Map - League of Nations
   Photos of the Great War
World War I II Pictures, Posters
IMAGES: France at War
IMAGES: Warship Gallery, Turn of the Century
   DHM, Poster Collection
WORLD WAR I CARTOONS
World War I Posters - Artists Mobilizing the Home Front
IMAGES: German Postcards Home
Postcards of German Sweethearts
Women's Posters WWI
Canadian War Posters
Canadian War Artists
   Voices of World War I
American Leaders Speak: Sound Recordings of World War I
1914-18 war - Art of the First World War
   Songs World War I
World War I Photos & Postcards
Different Worlds - Pictures of the Past - World War One
World War I & II Pictures, Posters
**** Jack Turner's War
Coded version of the Zimmerman Telegram - De-coded Zimmerman Telegram
You can also find many pictures and maps on the other links on this page.

PROPAGANDA
Propaganda Analysis: Home Page
Propaganda: The Drift Towards War
Propaganda Analysis - World War I Propaganda
Propaganda Critic: World War One > Committee on Public Information
Propaganda Gallery
World War I Cartoons
World War I II Pictures, Posters
Women's Posters WWI
The Most Famous Poster "I Want You for the US Army" Uncle Sam: American Treasures of the Library of Congress
Propaganda Postcards of the Great War (World War 1)
   World War I Posters: Subject Index
Trenches on the Web - World War I Posters
Canadian WWII Propaganda Posters
North Carolinians and the Great War: Introduction to Propaganda Posters - access to some great primary sources!
IMAGES: German Postcards Home
DHM, Poster Collection
   American Posters of World War One
British Posters of World War One
WarMuseum.ca - Canadian Wartime Propaganda - First World War
The Provincial Museum of Alberta - Government History - The Poster War
"A Summons to Comradeship" World War I and II Posters
1914-18 war - Art of the First World War
Canadian War Posters
Post-War Propaganda

SPIES - ESPIONAGE - SEDITION!
The British MI5 During World War I
Mata Hari
World War I, The U.S. Sedition Act
SCHENCK v. UNITED STATES
BBC - History - Shot at Dawn: Cowards, Traitors or Victims?

CODES
Choctaw Code Talkers of World War I
"the People's Paths home page!" - Living History - World War I & II Choctaw Code Talkers
Who were the Choctaw code talkers?
Verdun Intercept Site Exhibit
NSA - NCM: The DF Tractor Exhibit

SPECIFIC BIOS
Trenches on the Web - Biographies: Index
President Thomas Woodrow Wilson
King George V of Great Britain and Ireland
Czar Nicholas II of Russia
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Kaiser Wilhelm the Second
Emperor Franz Josef
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
General Mustafa Kemal Pasha
DAVID LLOYD GEORGE EXHIBITION 1863-1945
Lieutenant-General Sir Arthur Currie
First Earl Douglas Haig
T. E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) - English Soldier and Author - More on Lawrence in the section below on the war in the Middle East.
General John J. "Blackjack" Pershing
Baron Manfred von Richthofen - The RED BARON
Edward V. Rickenbacker
Sergeant Alvin C. York
For bios on WWI Flying Aces(German, British, and American), try The Aerodrome - Aces and Aircraft of World War I

LAWRENCE OF ARABIA & THE WAR IN THE MIDDLE EAST
The Great Arab Revolt
British Policy Towards the Ottoman Empire
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Kitchener and Arab National Movement, 1912-1914
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Treaty of Alliance Between Germany and Turkey - 1914
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Hussein-MacMahon Letters
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Sykes-Picot Agreement
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Sykes-Picot Agreement: 1916
PRIMARY DOCUMENTS: British White Paper of June 1922
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The Palestine Mandate, 1922
The Hashemites: Jordan's Royal Family
General Mustafa Kemal Pasha
ArabNet -- Palestine, History, British Mandate
The Gallipoli Association
The Surafend Affair HS Gullett
TIMELINE: Thomas Edward Lawrence
T. E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) - English Soldier and Author
A Durable Lawrence (TE)
   PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Lawrence's Personal Notes on the Sherifial Family - 1916
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: The 27 Articles of T.E. Lawrence - August 1917
PRIMARY DOCUMENT: Report on Mesopotamia by T.E. Lawrence
   QUOTES BY LAWRENCE OF ARABIA
LAWRENCE OF ARABIA - QUOTES BY OTHERS
LAWRENCE OF ARABIA - LINKS
The Lawrence of Arabia Factfile
T.E. Lawrence
T.E. LAWRENCE / LAWRENCE OF ARABIA / FOREIGN LEGION
Lawrence of Arabia
   LAWRENCE OF ARABIA - "A Durable Lawrence (TE)"

THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE
Tolerance.org: Teaching Tolerance: The World Was Silent
Frequently Asked Questions about the Armenian Genocide
Armenian Deportees: 1915-1916
Map of the Armenian Genocide
Lessons and Readings on the Armenian Genocide
Armenian Genocide Resource Guide
Reading: Genocide Under The Cover Of War
The Turkish Crime of our Century - The Armenian Genocide
The History Place - Armenians in Turkey
Armenian National Institute
Armenian Research Center
FULL REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE UPON THE ARBITRATION OF THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN TURKEY AND ARMENIA
Adolf Hitler to his Army commanders, August 22, 1939:
"Thus for the time being I have sent to the East only my 'Death's Head Units' with the orders to kill without pity or mercy all men, women, and children of Polish race or language. Only in such a way will we win the vital space (lebensraum) that we need. Who still talks nowdays about the Armenians?"

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